Inkomoko y'Ingingo: Ikinyamakuru cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Imashini zikoreshwa mu buhinzi;

Umwanditsi: Yingying Shan, Xinmin Shan, Indirimbo Gu.

Watermelon, nk'igihingwa gisanzwe gihingwa mu bukungu, ifite isoko rinini kandi isabwa ku rwego rwo hejuru, ariko guhinga ingemwe zayo biragoye kuri melon na eggplant. Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko: watermelon ari igihingwa gikunda umucyo. Iyo nta rumuri ruhagije nyuma y'uko ingemwe ya watermelon yangiritse, izakura cyane kandi ikore ingemwe ndende, ibyo bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'ingemwe no gukura nyuma. Watermelon kuva mu gutera kugeza mu gutera iba hagati y'Ukuboza k'uwo mwaka na Gashyantare k'umwaka utaha, ari na cyo gihe cy'ubushyuhe buri hasi, urumuri ruto cyane n'indwara ikomeye cyane. Cyane cyane mu majyepfo y'Ubushinwa, ni ibisanzwe ko nta zuba riba mu minsi 10 kugeza ku gice cy'ukwezi mu ntangiriro z'impeshyi. Iyo habayeho imvura nyinshi n'urubura, bizatera n'umubare munini w'ingemwe zapfuye, bizabangamira cyane ubukungu bw'abahinzi.

Uburyo bwo gukoresha urumuri rw’ubukorano, urugero nk’urumuri ruturuka ku matara ya LED akura, gushyira “ifumbire mvaruganda” ku bihingwa birimo n’imbuto z’umuhondo mu gihe urumuri rw’izuba rudahagije, kugira ngo ugere ku ntego yo kongera umusaruro, gukora neza cyane, kugira ireme ryiza, kurwanya indwara no kutandura umwanda mu gihe bitera imbere mu mikurire n’iterambere ry’ibihingwa, ni byo byabaye icyerekezo cy’ingenzi cy’ubushakashatsi bw’abahanga mu by’ubuhinzi mu myaka myinshi ishize.

Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko itandukaniro ry'urumuri rutukura n'ubururu naryo ryagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mikurire y'ibimera. Urugero, umushakashatsi Tang Dawei n'abandi basanze R / b = 7:3 ari cyo gipimo cyiza cy'urumuri rutukura n'ubururu ku mikurire y'ibimera by'inkongoro; umushakashatsi Gao Yi n'abandi bagaragaje mu nyandiko yabo ko R / b = 8:1 urumuri ruvanze ari rwo rukwiye cyane mu mikurire y'ibimera bya Luffa.

Mbere, hari abantu bagerageje gukoresha amatara y’ubukorano nk’amatara ya fluorescent n’amatara ya sodium kugira ngo bakore igerageza ry’imiti, ariko umusaruro ntiwari mwiza. Kuva mu myaka ya 1990, hakozwe ubushakashatsi ku buhinzi bw’imiti hakoreshejwe amatara ya LED nk’inyongeramusaruro y’urumuri.

Amatara ya LED akura afite ibyiza byo kuzigama ingufu, kurengera ibidukikije, umutekano no kwizerwa, amara igihe kirekire, ingano nto, uburemere bworoheje, gutanga ubushyuhe buke no gukwirakwiza urumuri neza cyangwa kugenzura urumuri. Ashobora guhuzwa hakurikijwe ibyo akeneye kugira ngo haboneke urumuri rwa monochromatic na spectrum ivanze, kandi igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'urumuri gishobora kugera kuri 80% - 90%. Afatwa nk'isoko nziza y'urumuri mu buhinzi.

Kugeza ubu, hari ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe ku buhinzi bw'umuceri, concombre na epinari hakoreshejwe urumuri rwa LED rusanzwe mu Bushinwa, kandi hari intambwe yatewe. Ariko, ku mbuto z'amatapi zigoye guhinga, ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu riracyari ku rwego rw'urumuri karemano, kandi urumuri rwa LED rukoreshwa gusa nk'urumuri rw'inyongera.

I Kubera ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, iyi nyandiko izagerageza gukoresha urumuri rwa LED nk'isoko y'urumuri rusanzwe kugira ngo yige ku buryo bwo kororoka kw'imbuto z'amahwa n'uburyo bwiza bwo kunyura mu rumuri kugira ngo yongere ubwiza bw'imbuto z'amahwa hadashingiwe ku zuba ry'izuba, kugira ngo itange ishingiro ry'ibitekerezo n'ubufasha ku mibare yo kugenzura urumuri rw'imbuto z'amahwa mu bigo.

A.Uburyo bwo gupima n'ibisubizo

1. Ibikoresho byo kugerageza no gutunganya byoroheje

Imvange ya ZAOJIA 8424 ni yo yakoreshejwe muri iryo gerageza, naho imvange y’imbuto yari Jinhai Jinjin 3. Aho igeragezwa ryatoranijwe mu ruganda rw’ibiti by’urumuri rwa LED mu Mujyi wa Quzhou, kandi ibikoresho by’urumuri rwa LED ni byo byakoreshejwe nk’isoko y’urumuri rw’igerageza. Igerageza ryamaze igihe cy’amasaha 5. Igihe kimwe cy’igerageza cyari iminsi 25 kuva imbuto zitose, zigakura kugeza igihe imbuto zikura. Igihe cyo gufotora cyari amasaha 8. Ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu bwari hagati ya 25 ° na 28 ° ku manywa (7:00-17:00) na 15 ° na 18 ° nimugoroba (17:00-17:00). Ubushyuhe bw’ikirere bwari 60% - 80%.

Amasaro ya LED atukura n'ubururu akoreshwa mu bikoresho by'urumuri bya LED, afite uburebure bw'umutuku bwa 660nm n'uburebure bw'ubururu bwa 450nm. Mu igerageza, urumuri rutukura n'ubururu rufite igipimo cy'urumuri cya 5:1, 6:1 na 7:13 byakoreshejwe mu kugereranya.

2. Igipimo n'uburyo bwo gupima

Mu mpera za buri gihembwe, ingemwe 3 zatoranijwe mu buryo butunguranye kugira ngo zipime ubwiza bw'ingemwe. Ibipimo byarimo uburemere bwumye n'ubushya, uburebure bw'igihingwa, umurambararo w'igiti, umubare w'amababi, ubuso bw'amababi bwihariye n'uburebure bw'umuzi. Muri byo, uburebure bw'igihingwa, umurambararo w'igihingwa n'uburebure bw'umuzi bishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe vernier caliper; umubare w'amababi n'umuzi bishobora kubarwa n'intoki; uburemere bwumye n'ubushya n'ubushya n'ubuso bw'amababi bwihariye bishobora kubarwa hakoreshejwe icyuma.

3. Isesengura ry'imibare y'amakuru

4. Ibisubizo

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe ya 1 n'imibare ya 1-5.

Dukurikije imbonerahamwe ya 1 n'ishusho ya 1-5, bigaragara ko uko urumuri rugenda rwiyongera, uburemere bwumutse bugabanuka, uburebure bw'igihingwa bukiyongera (hari uburebure butagira umumaro), igishishwa cy'igihingwa kigenda kirushaho kuba gito, ubuso bw'amababi runaka buragabanuka, kandi uburebure bw'umuzi bukaba bugufi kandi buto.

B.Isesengura n'isuzuma ry'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi

1. Iyo igipimo cy'urumuri hagati y'urumuri n'urumuri ari 5:1, imikurire y'imbuto z'umukara ni yo myiza cyane.

2. Imbuto nkeya ziterwa n'urumuri rwa LED rufite urumuri rw'ubururu bwinshi bigaragaza ko urumuri rw'ubururu rugira ingaruka zigaragara ku gukura kw'ibimera, cyane cyane ku giti cy'ibimera, kandi nta ngaruka zigaragara zigira ku gukura kw'amababi; urumuri rutukura rutuma ibimera bikura vuba, kandi ikimera gikura vuba iyo ikigereranyo cy'urumuri rutukura ari kinini, ariko uburebure bwacyo bukaba bugaragara, nk'uko bigaragara ku Ishusho ya 2.

3. Ikimera gikenera urumuri rutukura n'urumuri rw'ubururu mu bihe bitandukanye byo gukura. Urugero, ingemwe z'amatapi zikenera urumuri rw'ubururu rwinshi mu ntangiriro, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugabanya gukura kw'ingemwe; ariko mu cyiciro cya nyuma, gikenera urumuri rutukura rwinshi. Iyo urugero rw'urumuri rw'ubururu rukomeje kuba runini, ingemwe zizaba nto kandi ngufi.

4. Uburemere bw'urumuri rw'imbuto z'umuhondo mu ntangiriro ntibwigeze buba bukomeye cyane, ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku mikurire y'imbuto mu nyuma. Uburyo bwiza ni ugukoresha urumuri ruto mu ntangiriro hanyuma ugakoresha urumuri rukomeye nyuma.

5. Hagomba kubaho urumuri rw'urumuri rwa LED ruhagije. Byagaragaye ko niba urumuri ruri hasi cyane, imibyare iba mike kandi byoroshye kuyikuramo ubusa. Hagomba kubaho ko urumuri rusanzwe rw'imibyare rudashobora kuba munsi ya 120wml; icyakora, impinduka mu mikurire y'imibyare ifite urumuri rwinshi ntizigaragara, kandi ingufu zikoreshwa ziyongera, ibyo bikaba bitazafasha uruganda mu gihe kizaza.

CIbisubizo

Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko byari bishoboka gukoresha urumuri rwa LED rusanzwe mu guhinga ingemwe z'amatapi mu cyumba cyijimye, kandi urumuri rwa 5:1 rwari rwiza cyane ku mikurire y'ingemwe z'amatapi kuruta inshuro 6 cyangwa 7. Hari ingingo eshatu z'ingenzi mu ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga rya LED mu buhinzi bw'ingemwe z'amatapi.

1. Igipimo cy'urumuri rutukura n'ubururu ni ingenzi cyane. Gukura vuba kw'imbuto z'amatapi ntibishobora kumurikirwa n'urumuri rwa LED rukura rufite urumuri rw'ubururu bwinshi cyane, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku gukura nyuma.

2. Ubukana bw'urumuri bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku gutandukanya uturemangingo n'ingingo z'imbuto z'umuhondo. Ubukana bw'urumuri butuma imbuto zikura neza; ubukana bw'urumuri buke butuma imbuto zikura ubusa.

3. Mu cyiciro cy'imbuto, ugereranije n'imbuto zifite ubukana bw'urumuri buri munsi ya 120 μ mol / m2 · s, imbuto zifite ubukana bw'urumuri burenga 150 μ mol / m2 · s zakuze buhoro buhoro ubwo zimukiraga mu butaka bw'ubuhinzi.

Imikurire y'imbuto z'umuhengeri yari myiza cyane iyo igipimo cy'umutuku n'ubururu cyari 5:1. Dukurikije ingaruka zitandukanye z'urumuri rw'ubururu n'urumuri rutukura ku bimera, uburyo bwiza bwo kumurika ni ukongera neza igipimo cy'urumuri rw'ubururu mu ntangiriro z'imikurire y'imbuto, no kongeramo andi matara atukura mu mpera z'imikurire y'imbuto; koresha urumuri ruto mu ntangiriro, hanyuma ukoreshe urumuri rukomeye mu mpera z'imikurire.