Umwanditsi: Changji Zhou, Hongbo Li, nibindi

Inkomoko: Greenhouse Greichelture yubuhinzi bwubuhinzi bwikoranabuhanga

Iyi niyo migenzo yubushakashatsi bwikigo cyubumenyi bwa Haidian Clativille, kimwe na Hadie Ubuhinzi bwa Haidian-Tespage. Muri 2017, umwanditsi yayoboye intangiriro ya filasitike ya plastique ikizamini cya parike hamwe nubushyuhe bwinshi bwo muri Koreya y'Epfo. Kugeza ubu, umuyobozi Zheng yabihinduye muri parike ya Strawberry Clandhouse Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, gutembera no gutora, kwidagadura no kwidagadura no kwidagadura. Yitwa "5g igicu strawberry", kandi nzagutwara kugirango ubibone hamwe.

Gushinga Stewberry Gushinga hamwe numwanya wacyo

Kuzamura strawberry shelf na sisitemu yo kumanika

Uburyo bwo guhinga no guhinga

Umwanya wo guhinga wibanze ku mazi no kuvoma hepfo yintoki, kandi impande zizamurwa hanze hagati yo hepfo yubutaka bwo guhinga mu cyerekezo kirekire (uhereye imbere mumwanya wo guhinga, uve hepfo yakozwe hepfo). Amazi nyamukuru atanga umwanya wo guhinga muriyi stoove yo hasi, kandi amazi ava mu rwego rwo guhinga na we yakusanyijwe muri ibi banebwe kimwe, amaherezo asohoka ku mpera imwe y'urubanza.

Ibyiza byo gutera strawberry hamwe ninkono yo guhinga ni uko hepfo yinkono yo guhinga itandukanijwe numwanya wo guhinga, kandi hazashyirwaho amazu yo hepfo ya substrate, kandi muri rusange guhumeka muri Inshyimburo iratera imbere; Bizakwirakwira no kuvomera amazi yo kuhira; Icya gatatu, ntihazongera kubaho mugihe ushirembuwe mu nkono yo guhinga, kandi ububabare bwo guhinga ni bwiza kandi bwiza muri rusange. Ibibi byo muri ubu buryo nibwo hatonyanga inkono yo kuhira no guhinga inkono yo guhinga byongera ishoramari mu kubaka ibikoresho.

Gukura no Gukubita

Guhinga Rack Hamaning na sisitemu

Uburyo bwo kumanika no guterura ibigo byihinga ahanini bisa nkubw'ubutaka bwa strawberry buzamura ububabare bwo guhinga. Imbere yintoki zumwanya wo guhinga uzengurutse umwanya wo guhinga, kandi uhuza amabuye yo kumanika hamwe ninzitizi zishingiye ku gitebo kidashoboka Kuri chord yo hepfo, urundi ruhande ni igikomere ku ruziga rwahujwe na disiki ya moteri.

Guhinga Amavuta yo Gumanika sisitemu

Hashingiwe kuri sisitemu rusange ya Hanzwer, kugirango habeho ibyifuzo byimiterere idasanzwe yambukiranya igishushanyo hamwe nibikenewe byoroshye, ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byihariye byateguwe, birahinduka neza hano.

(1) Amavuta yo guhinga Hanzer. Amavuta yo kumanikwa yo guhinga ni ubanza kwivuza - ikorwa no kunama no gusudira insinga. Igice cya buri gice cyamafaranga yimanitse ni kimwe, kandi imitungo ya mashini irahamye; Igice cyo hepfo yikibanza nacyo cyerekana igice cyuzuye uruziga; Iya gatatu nugukanda hagati yifuro inguni, kandi indogobe yo hejuru irafatiwe mu buryo butaziguye, idakora neza hagati yuburemere bwumwanya wo guhinga, ariko nanone ntabwo ibaho kuruhande, kandi Iremeza kandi ko imashini ifatwa neza kandi itazanyerera no kwimyanda.

Guhinga Amashanyarazi

(2) Umutekano umanika umugozi. Hashingiwe kuri sisitemu gakondo, hashyizweho inyongera ya sisitemu yo kumanika umutekano yashyizweho buri 6m muburebure bwikibanza cyo guhinga. Ibisabwa kuri sisitemu yinyongera yumutekano ni, ubanza, kwiruka muburyo bwo gutagera kuri disiki; kabiri, kugira ubushobozi buhagije bwo kwikuramo. Kugirango ugere kubintu byavuzwe haruguru bikora, urutonde rwibikoresho byihuta byimpeshyi bimanitse sisitemu byateguwe kandi byatoranijwe kugirango usubiremo umugozi umanikwa. Umuyaga w'impeshyi urategurwa ugereranije no gutwara umugozi umanitse, kandi umanikwa kandi ushyizwe ku nkombe yo hepfo ya parike.

Sisitemu yinyongera yumutekano

Ibikoresho byo kwihingamo byo guhinga

(1) Sisitemu yo guhamagarirwa. Sisitemu yo guhagarikwa hano ahanini igizwe nibice bibiri: igare ryibimera hamwe numugozi wamabara. Muri bo, ikarito y'ibihingwa ni iteraniro ryagizwe ikarita yunamye n'igice n'ikarita ya U-shusho hamwe n'inkombe zigabanya kabiri. Hasi no hepfo ya kimwe cya kabiri cyikarita ya U-hunganye ihuza ibipimo byo hanze byumwanya wo guhinga, kandi uzenguruke ahantu ho guhinga uva munsi; Nyuma yamashami yayo abiri arenze umwanya ufunguye wo guhinga, kora kandi uhuza inkoni ebyiri ntarengwa, kandi nanone zigira uruhare rwo kubuza guhinduranya umwanya wo guhingwa; Numwana muto u-shusho ni convex hejuru, bikoreshwa mugukosora umugozi utandukana kw'ibibabi bya straf; Igice cyo hejuru cyikarita ya U-shusho ni uruganda ruto rwo gutunganya amashami ya strawberry n'amababi azenguruka umugozi. Ikarita ya U-igorofa ya u-fuged hamwe ninkoni ebyiri zigarukira zose zikozwe munzura ibyuma byicyuma.

Umugozi wo gutandukanya ibibabi ukoreshwa mukusanya amashami n'amababi ya strawberry mu bugari bwo guhinga, no kumanika imbuto zo guhinga, ariko nanone kandi urinda strawberry. Gutera mu buryo butaziguye imiti y'amazi, kandi irashobora kunoza ireme ry'imitako.

Sisitemu yo gutaka

(2) rack yumuhondo igenda. Umuhondo wimukanwa wimukanwa wateguwe byumwihariko, ni ukuvuga inkingi ihagaritse kumanika kuri conpode yumuhondo nubururu yasutswe kuri trapode, ishobora gushyirwa munzira nyabagendwa kandi irashobora kwimurwa igihe icyo aricyo cyose.

(3) Imodoka yo kwishyurwa. Iyi modoka irashobora kuba ifite uburyo bwo kurengera igihingwa, ni ukuvuga imyitwarire yo gutwara ibikoresho byikora, ishobora gukora ibikorwa byo kurinda ibihingwa bitarimo amazu ukurikije inzira yateguwe mudasobwa, ishobora kurengera ubuzima bwabakoranye na parike.

ibikoresho byo kurengera ibihingwa

Intungamubiri na sisitemu yo kuhira

Gutanga intungamubiri no kuhira uyu mushinga bigabanyijemo ibice 3: imwe nigice gisobanutse gitunganya amazi; Iya kabiri ni ukumenyekanisha kwa Strawberry na sisitemu yo gusama; Iya gatatu ni sisitemu yo gutunganya amazi ya strawberry. Ibikoresho byo gutegura amazi asobanutse hamwe na sisitemu yo gukemura intungamubiri ivugwa mu rwego rwo kuhira, kandi ibikoresho byo kuhira no gusubiza amazi mu bihingwa bivugwa mu bikoresho byo kuvomera.

Intungamubiri na sisitemu yo kuhira

Kuvomera imbere

Ibikoresho byo gutegura amazi bisukuye bigomba kuba bifite ibikoresho byumucanga na kaburimbo kugirango ukure umucanga, nibikoresho byoroshya amazi kugirango ukureho umunyu. Yubashutse kandi yoroshye amazi meza abikwa mu kigega cyo kubika kugirango akoreshwe nyuma.

Ibikoresho by'iboneza by'ibiti byintungamubiri muri rusange birimo ibikoresho bitatu bibi mu ifumbire ya A na B, na Tank ya Acide yo guhindura PH, hamwe n'ivanga ry'ifumbire. Mugihe cyo gukora, igisubizo cyimigabane muri tanks a, B na Acid Tank yashizweho kandi ivanze ukurikije imashini itoroshye kugirango ishizwemo intungamubiri mbi. Ikigega cyo kubika igisubizo cyo guhagarara.

Ibikoresho by'intungamubiri Ibikoresho

Gutanga amazi no kugaruka kuri strawberry gutera

Gutanga amazi hamwe na sisitemu yo kugaruka kuri strawberry Gutera byanze uburyo bwo gutanga amazi hamwe no kugaruka mugihe kimwe cyimbere. Kuva ahahirwa guhinga zemera guterura no kumanika, uburyo bubiri bukoreshwa mugutanga amazi no gutanga imiyoboro yo guhinga: Umwe ni umuyoboro uhamye; Undi ni umuyoboro uhindagurika uzamuka ukamanuka hamwe numwanya wo guhinga. Mugihe cyo kuhira no gusama, amazi ava mubigega bisobanutse kandi akanyabikorwa byamazi yoherejwe mumazi no mu imashini ihuriweho no kuvanga ukurikije urugero rwa porogaramu ugereranije, nka Venturi , et Umuyoboro washyizwe ku murongo wa parike kumwanya wa parike), hamwe na reberi ya reberi yoroheje iyoboye amazi ahira kumazi manini yumuyoboro wamashami, hanyuma uhuze numuyoboro utanga amazi utangwa no guhinga Ahantu. Amashami atanga amashami mumwanya wo guhinga utondekanya uburebure bwibanze, kandi munzira, imiyoboro ya Drop ihujwe hakurikijwe umwanya wo guhinga, kandi intungamubiri zijugunywa mu rwego rwo guhinga inkono binyuze mumiyoboro ya drop. Igisubizo cyintungamubiri kirenze bivuye mu ndege kinyura mumwanya wo guhinga unyuze mu mwobo uva mu nkono yo guhinga no gukusanyirizwa mu nkoni y'amazi. Hindura uburebure bwo kwishyiriraho umwanya wo guhinga kugirango uhore kuva kumpera imwe kugeza kurundi. Ahantu hahanamye, kugarura amafaranga yakusanyirijwe mu hepfo yikibanza amaherezo azakusanya nyuma yinyuma. Gufungura birateguwe kurangiza umwanya wo guhinga kugirango uhuze ikigega cyo kugaruka, kandi umuyoboro wamazi wasakuwe amaherezo urakusanyirizwajwe kandi usohoke mu gikapu cyo kugaruka.

Kuhira amazi no kugaruka

Gukoresha amazi yo kugaruka

Iki cyatsi cyo kuhira kugaruka amazi ntabwo akoresha imikorere ya Flay ya Frawberry Stress Stration ya Strawberry, ariko ikusanya amazi yo gutera mumwanya wo gutera strawberry no kuyikoresha muburyo bwo gutera imboga. Uburebure bumwe bukwiye bwo guhinga mugihe strawberry yashyizwe ku rukuta rwine rwa peripheri ya greenhouse, kandi urupapuro rwo guhinga rwuzuyemo guhinga kugirango dukure imboga. Gusubiza amazi ya Strawberry ahirizwa kuri iyi mboga z'umutako, ikoresha amazi meza mu gikari cyo kubika buri munsi. Byongeye kandi, gutanga amazi hamwe nigikoresho cyo gusubiza ahagarika guhinga hamwe bihujwe muburyo bwo gutanga amazi hamwe na garuka imiyoboro. Uburyo bwo kuhirakanya bwamarika bwakiriwe mumwanya wo guhinga. Mugihe cyo gutanga amazi, valve yumuyoboro utatanga amazi yafunguwe kandi valve yumuyoboro wo kugaruka urafunzwe. Umuyoboro wa pipe urafunzwe kandi valve ya drain irakinguye. Ubu buryo bwo kuhira buzigama amashami yo kuhira amazi n'amagage mumwanya wo guhinga, akiza ishoramari, kandi mubyukuri nta ngaruka afite ku gukora imboga zamatako.

Gukura imboga z'umutako ukoresheje amazi yo kugaruka

Ikigo cya Greenhouse no Gushyigikira

Greenhouse yatumijwe muri Koreya yepfo mu 2017. Uburebure bwayo ni 47m, ubugari ni 23m, hamwe n'ahantu hose 1081 m² . Umwanya wa Greenhouse ni 7m, ikigobe ni 3m, uburebure bwa eaves ni 4.5m, nuburebure bwimisozi ni 6.4m, hamwe na spans 3 hamwe na 15. Kugirango wongere ubushyuhe bwa Greenhouse, umuyoboro wubushyuhe bwumuriro usanzwe washyizwe ahabigenewe, hamwe numwenda wibasiye ubushyuhe bubiri bwumuyaga wateguwe. Mugihe cyo guhindura imiterere, inanga rya horizontal hejuru yinkingi hagati yinkoni yicyatsi cyumwimerere yasimbuwe na Truss Ciams.

Imiterere ya Greenhouse

Ivugurura rya Sinelowel Sisitemu yo kugenzura Ubushyuhe bugumana igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo kwigarurira amabuye y'agaciro ninzikuta hamwe ninyuma yubushyuhe bwimbere. Ariko, nyuma yimyaka 3 ikora, urusenda rwibanze rwinshi rwaba rwarashaje igice kandi cyangiritse. Mu kuvugurura icyatsi, umwenda wose wisuku wavuguruwe kandi usimburwa no kugenzura acrylic ipamba, bikaba byoroshye kandi byakozwe mu gishoro. Duhereye ku gikorwa nyirizina, ingingo zuzuzanya hagati yinzu yinzu yinzu, ibihurizanya urukuta nigiti cyo kwigana hejuru, kandi sisitemu yose yo kwishyurwa iragisimba cyane.

Sisitemu yo kwimenyesha Stsirya

Mu rwego rwo kwemeza ko urumuri rusabwa mu bihingwa, uburyo bworoheje bworoheje bwongewemo no kuvugurura icyatsi. Umucyo wiyongera werekana ingaruka zo mu binyabuzima zayoboye uburyo bwo gucana, buri muntu uyoboye urumuri rufite imbaraga za 50 W, tegura inkingi 2 kuri buri kibaya. Umwanya wa buri matara yinkingi ni 3m. Imbaraga zoroheje rwose ni 4.5 kw, bihwanye na 4.61 w / m² Ahantu. Imbaraga zoroheje zuburebure bwa 1m rishobora kugera kuri LX zirenga 2000 lx.

Mugihe kimwe cyo kwinjizamo amatara yinyongera ya plnat, umurongo wa UVB LGHTS nayo yashizwemo kuri buri gihe hamwe na m 2, ikoreshwa cyane cyane yo kwanduza bidasanzwe umwuka muri parike. Imbaraga z'umucyo umwe wa UVB ni 40 W, hamwe n'imbaraga zose zashyizweho ni 4.36 KW, bihwanye na 4.47 w / m² Ahantu.

Sisitemu yo gushyushya icyatsi ikoresha ingufu zishingiye ku bidukikije zisukuye ingufu zikirere, zishyiraho umwuka ushyushye muri parike binyuze mu kungurana ubushyuhe. Imbaraga zose zindege zindege pompe muri parike ni 210kw, hamwe nabafana 38 b'ubudozo bakwirakwizwa neza mucyumba. Gutandukanya ubushyuhe kuri buri mufana ni 5.5KW, bishobora kwemeza ubushyuhe bwikirere muri parike hejuru ya 5 ℃ munsi yubushyuhe bwo hanze ya -15 ℃ Kumunsi ukonje cyane wa -15 ℃ Kumunsi w'urupfu rwa Strawberry muri Greenhouse.

Kugirango tumenye ubushyuhe bwikirere nubushuhe muri parike no gukora urugendo rwikirere no mu nzu, icyatsi nacyo gifite ibikoresho byo mu kirere cya horizontal. Abafana bakwirakwijwe bateguwe hagati yikibanza cyatsi hakoreshejwe intera ya m 18, nimbaraga zumufana umwe ni 0.12 kw.

Greenhouse ishyigikira ibikoresho byo kurwanya ibidukikije

Amakuru y'ibitekerezo:

Changji Zhou, Hongbo, Li, Hheng, n'ibindi.Dr. Zhou yagenzuye ikariso (ijana na makumyabiri na gatandatu) yo gutembera-ubwoko bwa strawberry hangor hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gushyigikira [J]. Ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhinzi, 2022.42 (7): 36-42.