Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho byo gutera murugo mubisanzwe bifata igishushanyo mbonera, kizana ibintu byinshi bitagenda neza mukugenda no gupakira no gupakurura.Hashingiwe ku biranga ahantu hatuwe n’abatuye mu mijyi n'intego yo gushushanya umusaruro w’ibihingwa byimiryango, iyi ngingo irerekana ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byo gutera ibiti byateguwe mbere.Igikoresho kigizwe n'ibice bine: sisitemu yo gushyigikira, sisitemu yo guhinga, sisitemu y'amazi n'ifumbire, hamwe na sisitemu yo kongeramo urumuri (ahanini, amatara akura LED).Ifite ikirenge gito, gukoresha umwanya muremure, imiterere yubuvanganzo, gusenya no guteranya byoroshye, igiciro gito, kandi birashoboka cyane.Irashobora guhaza ibyifuzo byabatuye mumijyi kubyerekeranye na salitusi ya seleri, imboga zihuse, intungamubiri za keleti na begonia fimbristipula.Nyuma yo guhindura ntoya, irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi bwibimera

Muri rusange Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho byo guhinga

Igishushanyo mbonera

Igikoresho cyo guhinga cyateguwe ahanini cyerekeza kubatuye mu mijyi.Iri tsinda ryasesenguye neza ibiranga aho abantu batuye mu mijyi batuye.Agace ni nto kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha umwanya ni kinini;imiterere ni shyashya kandi nziza;biroroshye gusenya no guteranya, byoroshye kandi byoroshye kwiga;ifite igiciro gito kandi gikomeye gishoboka.Aya mahame ane anyura muburyo bwose bwo gushushanya, kandi uharanira kugera ku ntego nyamukuru yo guhuza ibidukikije murugo, imiterere myiza kandi nziza, hamwe nubukungu nuburyo bufatika.

Ibikoresho bizakoreshwa

Ikadiri yingoboka yaguzwe mubicuruzwa byinshi byo mu isoko, uburebure bwa m 1,5, ubugari bwa 0,6 m, n'uburebure bwa m 2.0.Ibikoresho ni ibyuma, byatewe kandi byangiza ingese, kandi impande enye zingingo zingoboka zirasudira hamwe na feri yibiziga rusange;isahani y'urubavu yatoranijwe kugirango ishimangire icyapa gishyigikiwe na plaque ikozwe mu cyuma cya mm 2 z'uburebure hamwe na spray-plastike yo kurwanya ingese, ibice bibiri kuri buri cyiciro.Inkono yo guhinga ikozwe mumashanyarazi ya PVC hydroponique kare, cm 10 × cm 10.Ibikoresho ni ikibaho cya PVC, gifite uburebure bwa mm 2,4.Diameter yumwobo wo guhinga ni cm 5, naho intera yimyobo ni cm 10.Ikigega cyintungamubiri cyangwa ikigega cyamazi gikozwe mumasanduku ya plastike ifite uburebure bwurukuta rwa mm 7, uburebure bwa cm 120, ubugari bwa cm 50, nuburebure bwa cm 28.

Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho byo guhinga

Ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera rusange, igikoresho cyo guhinga cyateguwe kigizwe nibice bine: sisitemu yo gutera inkunga, gahunda yo guhinga, sisitemu y’amazi n’ifumbire, hamwe na sisitemu yo kongera urumuri (cyane cyane amatara akura LED).Isaranganya muri sisitemu ryerekanwe ku gishushanyo 1.

Igishushanyo 1, ikwirakwizwa muri sisitemu irerekanwa muri.

Shigikira igishushanyo mbonera

Sisitemu yo gushyigikira ibikoresho byo guhinga byateguwe mbere igizwe ninkingi igororotse, igiti hamwe nisahani.Inkingi n'ibiti byinjizwa mu mwobo w'ikinyugunyugu, byoroshye gusenya no guterana.Igiti gifite icyuma cyometse ku rubavu.Inguni enye z'ikibanza cyo guhinga zasudishijwe n'inziga rusange hamwe na feri kugirango byongere ubworoherane bwimikorere yibikoresho byo guhinga.

Igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu yo guhinga

Ikigega cyo guhinga ni cm 10 × cm 10 ya hydroponique ya hydroponique ifite igishushanyo mbonera gifunguye, cyoroshye kuyisukura, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa muguhinga intungamubiri zintungamubiri, guhinga insimburangingo cyangwa guhinga ubutaka.Mu guhinga intungamubiri zintungamubiri, igitebo cyo gutera gishyirwa mumwobo watewe, kandi ingemwe zigashyirwaho na sponge yibisobanuro bihuye.Iyo substrate cyangwa igitaka gihingwa, sponge cyangwa gaze byujujwe mumyobo ihuza kumpande zombi zihinga kugirango birinde substrate cyangwa ubutaka kubuza sisitemu yo gutemba.Impera zombi z'ikigega cyo guhinga zahujwe na sisitemu yo kuzenguruka na reberi ya reberi ifite diameter y'imbere ya mm 30, irinda neza inenge zo gukomera kw'imiterere iterwa no guhuza PVC kole, idafasha kugenda.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy’amazi n’ifumbire

Mu guhinga intungamubiri, koresha pompe ihindurwe kugirango wongere igisubizo cyintungamubiri mukigega cyo hejuru cyo guhinga, kandi ugenzure icyerekezo gitemba cyintungamubiri unyuze mumacomeka yimbere yumuyoboro wa PVC.Kugirango wirinde gutembera gutunganijwe kwintungamubiri zintungamubiri, igisubizo cyintungamubiri mukigega kimwe cyo guhinga koresha uburyo bumwe bwo gutembera "S-shusho".Kugirango wongere ogisijeni yibisubizo byintungamubiri, mugihe urwego rwo hasi rwumuti wintungamubiri rusohotse, hakozwe icyuho runaka hagati yisoko ryamazi nurwego rwamazi rwikigega cyamazi.Mu guhinga substrate cyangwa guhinga ubutaka, ikigega cyamazi gishyirwa kumurongo wo hejuru, kandi kuvomera no gufumbira bikorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuhira imyaka.Umuyoboro nyamukuru ni umuyoboro wa PE wirabura ufite diameter ya mm 32 nuburebure bwurukuta rwa mm 2.0, naho umuyoboro wishami ni umuyoboro wa PE wirabura ufite diameter ya mm 16 nuburebure bwurukuta rwa mm 1,2.Buri muyoboro w'ishami Shyiramo valve yo kugenzura umuntu ku giti cye.Umwambi wigitonyanga ukoresha igitutu cyishyurwa nigitonyanga cyimyambi gitonyanga, 2 kuri buri mwobo, cyinjijwe mumuzi yingemwe mumwobo wo guhinga.Amazi arenze urugero akusanywa binyuze muri sisitemu yo kumena amazi, kuyungurura no gukoreshwa.

Sisitemu Yuzuza Umucyo

Iyo igikoresho cyo guhinga gikoreshwa mu gutanga umusaruro wa balkoni, urumuri rusanzwe ruva muri bkoni rushobora gukoreshwa nta mucyo wongeyeho cyangwa urumuri ruto rwiyongera.Iyo guhinga mucyumba, birakenewe gukora igishushanyo mbonera cyamatara.Itara rimurika ni 1,2 m z'uburebure LED ikura urumuri, kandi igihe cyumucyo kiyobowe nigihe cyikora.Igihe cyumucyo cyashyizwe kuri 14 h, naho igihe cyumucyo kitari inyongera ni 10 h.Hano hari amatara 4 ya LED muri buri cyiciro, gishyirwa munsi yurwego.Imiyoboro ine kumurongo umwe ihujwe murukurikirane, kandi ibice bihujwe hamwe.Ukurikije amatara atandukanye akenera ibimera bitandukanye, urumuri rwa LED hamwe nuburyo butandukanye rushobora gutoranywa.

Guteranya ibikoresho

Igikoresho cyo guhinga murugo cyateguwe kiroroshye muburyo (Ishusho 2) kandi inzira yo guteranya iroroshye.Mu ntambwe yambere, nyuma yo kumenya uburebure bwa buri cyiciro ukurikije uburebure bwibihingwa byahinzwe, shyiramo urumuri mumwobo wikinyugunyugu wa pole igororotse kugirango wubake skeleton yicyuma;mu ntambwe ya kabiri, shyira LED ikura urumuri rwurumuri ku rubavu rukomeza inyuma yurwego, hanyuma ushire igipande mumurongo wimbere wambukiranya ibiti byo guhinga;intambwe ya gatatu, inkono yo guhinga hamwe na sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi n’ifumbire bihujwe na reberi;intambwe ya kane, shyiramo umuyoboro wa LED, shiraho igihe cyikora, hanyuma ushire ikigega cyamazi;intambwe ya gatanu-sisitemu yo gukemura, ongeramo amazi mumazi Amazi Nyuma yo guhindura umutwe wa pompe no gutembera, reba uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza amazi nifumbire mvaruganda no guhuza ikigega cyo guhinga kugirango amazi atemba, amashanyarazi hanyuma ugenzure itara rya LED hamwe nakazi. imiterere yigihe cyikora.

Igishushanyo 2, igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho byo guhinga byateguwe

Gusaba no gusuzuma

Gusaba guhinga

Muri 2019, iki gikoresho kizakoreshwa mu guhinga mu ngo ntoya mu mboga nka salitusi, imyumbati yo mu Bushinwa, na seleri (Ishusho 3).Muri 2020, hashingiwe ku ncamake uburambe bwo guhinga bwabanje, itsinda ryumushinga ryateje imbere ubuhinzi bw’ibihingwa ngandurarugo by’ibiribwa n’ubuvuzi by’imboga zitwa homologique hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryo guhinga intungamubiri za Begonia fimbristipula hance, bikungahaza ingero zikoreshwa mu rugo z’ibikoresho.Mu myaka ibiri ishize yo guhinga no kuyishyira mu bikorwa, salitusi n'imboga byihuse birashobora gusarurwa nyuma yiminsi 25 nyuma yo guhinga ku bushyuhe bwo mu nzu bwa 20-25 ℃;seleri ikeneye gukura muminsi 35-40;Begonia fimbristipula Hance na cabage yo mu Bushinwa ni ibihingwa bimaze igihe bishobora gusarurwa inshuro nyinshi;Begonia fimbristipula irashobora gusarura cm 10 hejuru yibiti n'amababi muminsi igera kuri 35, kandi ibiti n'amababi akiri mato birashobora gusarurwa muminsi igera kuri 45 kugirango bikure.Iyo bisaruwe, umusaruro wa salitusi na keleti y'Ubushinwa ni 100 ~ 150 g kuri buri gihingwa;umusaruro wa seleri yera na seleri itukura kuri buri gihingwa ni 100 ~ 120 g;umusaruro wa Begonia fimbristipula Hance mu isarura rya mbere ni muke, 20-30 g kuri buri gihingwa, kandi hamwe no kumera kwamashami yuruhande, birashobora gusarurwa kunshuro ya kabiri, hamwe nigihe cyiminsi 15 kandi umusaruro wa 60- 80 g kuri buri gihingwa;umusaruro wintungamubiri yintungamubiri ni 50-80 g, usarurwa rimwe muminsi 25, kandi ushobora gusarurwa ubudahwema.

Igishushanyo 3, Gukoresha umusaruro wibikoresho byo guhinga byateguwe

Ingaruka yo gusaba

Nyuma yumwaka urenga wo kubyaza umusaruro no kubishyira mubikorwa, igikoresho kirashobora gukoresha byimazeyo umwanya wibice bitatu byicyumba kugirango habeho umusaruro muto mubihingwa bitandukanye.Ibikorwa byayo byo gupakurura no gupakurura biroroshye kandi byoroshye kwiga, kandi ntamahugurwa yumwuga asabwa.Muguhindura kuzamura no gutembera kwa pompe yamazi, ikibazo cyo gutemba gukabije no gutemba kwintungamubiri zintungamubiri mubigega byo guhinga birashobora kwirindwa.Igishushanyo mbonera gifunguye ikigega cyo guhinga ntabwo cyoroshye koza nyuma yo kugikoresha, ariko kandi kiroroshye kubisimbuza mugihe ibikoresho byangiritse.Ikigega cyo guhinga cyahujwe na reberi ya reberi ya sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi n’ifumbire, ikamenya igishushanyo mbonera cy’ikigega cyo guhinga hamwe na sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi n’ifumbire, kandi ikirinda ibibi by’igishushanyo mbonera gikoreshwa mu bikoresho gakondo bya hydroponique.Byongeye kandi, igikoresho kirashobora gukoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi munsi yubushyuhe nubushyuhe bugenzurwa hiyongereyeho umusaruro wibihingwa murugo.Ntabwo ibika umwanya wikizamini gusa, ahubwo yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango habeho umusaruro, cyane cyane guhuza ibidukikije bikura.Nyuma yo kunonosorwa byoroshye, igikoresho cyo guhinga kirashobora kandi kuzuza ibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura ibidukikije bya rhosikori, kandi byakoreshejwe cyane mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi.

Inkomoko yingingo: Konti ya Wechat yaIkoranabuhanga mu buhinzi (ubuhinzi bwimbuto) 

Ibisobanuro: Wang Fei, Wang Changyi, Shi Jingxuan, n'abandi.Gushushanya no gukoresha ibikoresho byo guhinga urugo rwateguwe [J] .Ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi bw’ubuhinzi, 2021.41 (16): 12-15.